對于每天(tian)都要騎上(shang)“電馬”的(de)上(shang)班族，或(huo)許也應該多了解一(yi)些(xie)關于如何選擇、愛(ai)護一(yi)匹(pi)“寶馬”的(de)小(xiao)常識(shi)。所以今天(tian)360常識(shi)網來跟(gen)你(ni)(ni)聊聊那(nei)些(xie)“愛(ai)馬”常識(shi)，讓(rang)你(ni)(ni)的(de)電動車跑(pao)得更遠。

如何選擇、保養電動自行車？

電瓶保養

電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)(che)作為交通代步工具已經(jing)普及(ji)，人們發現每(mei)到冬季(ji)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)(che)的電(dian)(dian)瓶容(rong)量比夏季(ji)大量縮水、或者(zhe)變得難(nan)以(yi)充電(dian)(dian)，甚(shen)至無(wu)法啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)。其實，這(zhe)很多是由(you)于(yu)消費者(zhe)忽略了(le)冬季(ji)對電(dian)(dian)瓶的保養。記(ji)者(zhe)走訪(fang)了(le)首府幾家(jia)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)(che)維修店(dian)對電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)瓶的保養進行了(le)解。

蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)最佳的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作環境溫度15攝(she)氏(shi)度~40攝(she)氏(shi)度。在此(ci)溫度范圍之外(wai)，就(jiu)會(hui)影響電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)常工作，電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壽命也會(hui)縮短。一塊正(zheng)常的(de)(de)(de)(de)鉛(qian)酸電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)可以保(bao)證車(che)輛最遠行駛距(ju)離為50公里，由(you)于熱脹冷縮原理，環境溫度在-10攝(she)氏(shi)度時(shi)，電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)量(liang)不能百(bai)分之百(bai)地放出(chu)，冬季里充(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)一次(ci)行駛里程比夏季時(shi)充(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)一次(ci)行駛里程要(yao)減少很(hen)多(duo)。因此(ci)對于電(dian)瓶(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)養是很(hen)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。

首先充(chong)電(dian)方面，每次回家(jia)后，無(wu)論使用(yong)時間長短，都要進行(xing)充(chong)電(dian)，使電(dian)池保(bao)持(chi)在足電(dian)狀(zhuang)態下(xia)使用(yong)，如(ru)果偶爾(er)沒充(chong)滿(man)電(dian)對(dui)電(dian)池影(ying)響(xiang)不(bu)大，但經常不(bu)充(chong)滿(man)電(dian)使用(yong)，電(dian)池將(jiang)產生一種"記憶"性，影(ying)響(xiang)其續行(xing)里程，同時也損耗電(dian)池使用(yong)壽命。充(chong)電(dian)時先插(cha)電(dian)池插(cha)頭(tou)，再插(cha)電(dian)源(yuan)插(cha)頭(tou)。充(chong)電(dian)結束，先拔電(dian)源(yuan)插(cha)頭(tou)，再拔電(dian)池插(cha)頭(tou)。

其次(ci)，啟動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)，避(bi)免(mian)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，減少載人(ren)行(xing)使，爬坡時最(zui)好人(ren)力推行(xing)或助力騎行(xing)，否則對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)損(sun)(sun)傷很大。如(ru)果車(che)輛在露天(tian)或冷庫停放數周不用(yong)的(de)時候，應(ying)(ying)卸下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，存(cun)放在較為溫暖的(de)房間(jian)內，以防電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)結(jie)冰損(sun)(sun)壞。而且溫度過低時要盡量縮(suo)短 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)的(de)使用(yong)時間(jian)，并應(ying)(ying)及(ji)時進行(xing)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。如(ru)果不準備在冬(dong)季(ji)使用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)車(che)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)不要一直放到來年使用(yong)時再充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，而應(ying)(ying)該是每(mei)隔1個(ge)月給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充1次(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，以保證(zheng)鉛酸(suan)(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian) 池(chi)的(de)儲(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)力，同時避(bi)免(mian)酸(suan)(suan)液外(wai)溢損(sun)(sun)壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。維(wei)修人(ren)員說保養電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)就記(ji)住(zhu)要勤充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、多(duo)助力。

在使用半年后(hou)，最好(hao)到維修點做一個電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)保(bao)養，適(shi)當補充電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的電(dian)(dian)解(jie)液，調節好(hao)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)液的比(bi)重，并(bing)檢查其存(cun)電(dian)(dian)情況，保(bao)持蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)液的比(bi)重，必要時(shi)可以增加充電(dian)(dian)次數。同時(shi)，清潔電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的接線柱(zhu)，并(bing)涂上專用油脂加以保(bao)護也很(hen)重要，這可以保(bao)證電(dian)(dian)動車(che)啟動時(shi)切實可靠，延(yan)長電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的壽命。

你所不知的關于“剎車”和“輪胎”對續航里程的影響

相對于“鼓剎”來說，“碟(die)剎”由于制(zhi)動快(kuai)受到很多消費(fei)者喜愛。但也(ye)許(xu)你有所(suo)不知，因(yin)為(wei)碟(die)剎在制(zhi)動過程中摩(mo)擦力更大，所(suo)以在車輛其(qi)他配置相同(tong)情(qing)況下，碟(die)剎裝置會使續航里程減少5公(gong)里。

因此適合(he)達達的應該是“前(qian)輪鼓剎、后輪碟(die)剎”，既能提高安(an)全(quan)性，又能兼顧續航里(li)程，性價比(bi)最高。此外，輪胎不宜過(guo)寬，較寬的輪胎與路(lu)面(mian)摩擦阻力大，會減少行(xing)駛里(li)程。

操作習慣中的省電秘籍

行駛速(su)度不宜過快(kuai)，因為電(dian)動車加到(dao)最高(gao)速(su)度的(de)耗費電(dian)量(liang)非常(chang)驚人，速(su)度快(kuai)一(yi)倍，電(dian)量(liang)消耗要(yao)快(kuai)的(de)3到(dao)5倍!

耗(hao)電量(liang)大，就意味著車子全程(cheng)的(de)行駛(shi)(shi)距離(li)(li)短。而以較低速(su)度勻(yun)速(su)行駛(shi)(shi)，不僅行駛(shi)(shi)距離(li)(li)更長，對電池也是一(yi)種有效(xiao)的(de)保護方式(shi)。

特(te)別(bie)注意，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池快耗盡時，如果繼續行駛對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的殺傷(shang)(shang)力(li)是最大(da)的，非(fei)常(chang)容易對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車電(dian)(dian)(dian)池造(zao)成不(bu)可逆的損傷(shang)(shang)，如果沒電(dian)(dian)(dian)了，趕緊找地方充電(dian)(dian)(dian)，切勿強行使(shi)用最后的電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)。

太(tai)遠的路，千里馬也想要休息，再棒的電動車(che)，用太(tai)久可能(neng)也需要檢查，護(hu)理。

電車防火知識

要經常檢(jian)查電(dian)(dian)(dian)動自行(xing)車(che)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)插接點，防止接觸(chu)不(bu)牢引起(qi)接觸(chu)點打火，發(fa)熱;避免線路(lu)老化、磨損而造成短(duan)路(lu)、串電(dian)(dian)(dian)事故的(de)發(fa)生。電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)在正(zheng)常使用(yong)過程中(zhong)(zhong)，出現故障要選(xuan)擇(ze)專業的(de)維修(xiu)機構或人員(yuan)，不(bu)要擅自拆卸電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣保護裝(zhuang)置，確保電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣線路(lu)和保護裝(zhuang)置完好有(you)效。電(dian)(dian)(dian)動自行(xing)車(che)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時會跑(pao)出可燃(ran)性氣體，因此充電(dian)(dian)(dian)一定(ding)不(bu)要在狹窄(zhai)、密封的(de)環境中(zhong)(zhong),應(ying)盡量在室外進(jin)行(xing)，或將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池拆下單獨充電(dian)(dian)(dian)。充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時要選(xuan)擇(ze)合適(shi)的(de)線路(lu)，線路(lu)敷設應(ying)固(gu)定(ding)安裝(zhuang)，要加裝(zhuang)短(duan)路(lu)和漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護裝(zhuang)置。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一定要遠離易燃(ran)物品，不可(ke)以(yi)充(chong)的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)過長(chang)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)過長(chang)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)過熱容易引發(fa)火患，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)應當(dang)按照說明書的(de)(de)規定進行充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)原則上不得超過10個小時(shi)(shi)。充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，應將(jiang)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)放置在(zai)比(bi)較容易散熱的(de)(de)地方(fang);如果電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動自(zi)行車的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶質(zhi)量低(di)劣或長(chang)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)使用，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)溫度容易很高，引發(fa)火災，所以(yi)在(zai)夜間(jian)(jian)睡(shui)眠時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)時(shi)(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不可(ke)以(yi)掉以(yi)輕(qing)心(xin)。

在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動自(zi)行(xing)車(che)行(xing)進過(guo)程中起步、爬坡時應該腳(jiao)蹬助(zhu)行(xing),防(fang)止啟動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流過(guo)大、機件長時間超(chao)負(fu)荷工作,引起電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機線(xian)圈、線(xian)路(lu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶和調(diao)速器的過(guo)熱損害,甚至釀成(cheng)災害。要盡量(liang)避免在(zai)雨天、積水路(lu)段行(xing)駛，以防(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機進水，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時短路(lu)著火。

此(ci)外，購買電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車時(shi)，應首選鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶。它容(rong)量大(da)、自耗少、污染少,其次鉛酸干電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶，它密(mi)封性好、不易漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液,一定要防止電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液泄漏(lou)造成的污染、腐蝕(shi)和傷害。購買電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車時(shi)還(huan)須看(kan)清(qing)產品(pin)說明書(shu)并按說明書(shu)操作，還(huan)要選擇與電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器、電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)型號、規格(ge)相配套的電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶。